大家好好，欢迎再次来到新一期的「Tinto Maps」！本周我们将前往更遥远的东方，深入探讨高丽和日本的历史与地理。话不多说，让我们开始吧。Hello and welcome once more to another week of Tinto Maps. This week we are going to the lands even further to the East and taking a look at Korea and Japan. So, without further ado, let’s get started.
国家 Countries
在高丽王朝时期，高丽深受元朝的影响，与元朝有着非常密切的联系，元朝的皇帝甚至迎娶了高丽的王族女子。然而，高丽半岛北部和济州岛的耽罗并未完全统一，直到朝鲜王朝建立后，才最终实现统一。在此之前，这些地区虽然名义上也在元朝的统治范围内，但仍保持相对独立。
Korea during the Goryeo dynasty was under the orbit of Yuán, and had very close ties with it, with the Yuán emperors taking Korean wives. The north, though, and also Tamna in the Jeju island wouldn’t be unified under Korea until the following Joseon dynasty, so they are still separated although all of them also under Yuán.
与之相比，日本在游戏开始时处于一个非常特殊的历史时期。在建武新政失败后，试图恢复天皇权力的努力未能成功。贡献颇大的将军足利尊氏最终在1336年（也就是游戏开始前不久）建立了自己的幕府，迫使天皇逃离京都，开启了「南北朝时代」，即两位对立天皇和幕府间争夺合法性的时期。日本虽然表面上看似统一，实际却存在着许多内部矛盾与分裂（稍后会有更多讨论）。
On the other side, Japan starts in a very interesting situation. After a failed attempt to overthrow the shogunate and restore imperial power during the Kenmu restoration, one of the generals that contributed to such restoration, Ashikaga Takauji, in the end established his own shogunate in 1336 (just before the start of the game). The emperor had then to flee the capital and thus we start with the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, with two opposing Emperors and the shogun fighting for legitimacy. So, although it appears unified at first glance, Japan hides many internal divisions within (more on that later).
在更南方，琉球王国尚未统一，北山、中山和南山三国正在争夺对琉球群岛的控制权
Further South, the kingdom of Ryūkyū is not yet unified, so the three mountain kingdoms of Hokuzan, Chūzan and Nanzan vie for supremacy over the island.
人群社会 Societies of pops
与之前介绍满洲的「Tinto Maps」类似，本次也会展示高丽和日本的人群社会，特别是阿伊努族的情况。
Basically already shown in the Manchuria Tinto Maps, but they need to be shown here too, especially the Ainu.
王朝 Dynasties
如同中国一样，所谓的「高丽王朝」并不是王朝的真正名字。实际上，这个王朝是王氏家族统治的。
As it happens in China, the “Goryeo dynasty” name is actually not the name of the dynasty itself, which is actually the house of Wang.
地点 Locations
省份 Provinces
在这里（以及接下来的地区），我们尝试依据历史上高丽和日本的行政区划进行划分，但为了游戏性，我们做了一些调整。
Here (as well as with the areas next) we have tried to follow the administrative division of both countries in period, but we’ve had to make some adjustments.
在高丽，由于游戏开始不久后，朝鲜王朝会接替高丽王朝，因此我们将两者的行政区划进行了调整，并且为了游戏的平衡性还拆分了较大的省份。
In Korea, we had to account for the fact that historically, almost immediately after the start of the game the Josen dynasty took over and the administrative divisions are somewhat different, so we’ve adjusted them together (and had to divide some of the bigger provinces for gameplay reasons).
在日本，自7至8世纪律令制建立以来，行政区划基本保持不变，直到1868年明治维新后才有所变化。然而，我们仍需做出一些调整，一些较小的行政区划因此被合并或消失。
In Japan, the administrative divisions remained virtually unchanged since the establishment of the Ritsuryō system in the 7-8th century until after the Meiji restoration in 1868. However, we still had to make some adjustments, and the smaller ones had to unfortunately disappear.
区域 Areas
地形 Terrain
高丽和日本都是山地与森林占据大部分国土的国家，因此仅有的少量平原显得尤为重要，需被充分利用。
Very mountainous and forested areas both, so the few plains have to be taken the most advantage of.
发展度 Development
整体而言，这些地区的发展水平尚可，但越往北发展度越低。
Not bad developed areas, but obviously development decreases the further north it goes.
天然良港 Natural Harbors
文化 Cultures
高丽以高丽民族为主，而日本则被划分为四个主要文化群体（九州、西国、东国、东北）。此外，在北部有阿伊努族，济州岛有独特的济州文化，琉球群岛则是琉球文化。
Korea is mainly Korean, and Japan has been divided into four main groups. Besides this, we also have Ainu in the north, Jeju in Jeju island and Ryūkyū in the Ryūkyū islands.
宗教 Religions
高丽与中国信仰同种宗教（名称待定），而日本则信仰神道。需要说明的是，这里的神道并非完全以神灵为中心，也不是明治维新后建立的国家神道。实际上，它在游戏中被归类为佛教的一种，称为「佛教神道」，但其中包含了与神灵相关的一些特殊机制和元素。选择「神道」这一名称，是因为它与日本最为紧密相关、易于辨识。此外，阿伊努人信仰阿伊努教，琉球群岛则信仰「御岳」宗教。
Korea has the same (name pending) religion as China while Japan is Shintō. I must say that this Shintō is not at all considered to be a Kami-exclusively-oriented Shintō nor the post-Meiji State Shintō in any shape or form. In all effects, it is considered under the Buddhism umbrella and it is treated as Buddhist Shintō, while of course including some different mechanics and references to the Kami too. The name Shintō was chosen basically because it’s more recognizable and identifiable with Japan. Besides this, there’s also the Ainu religion for the Ainu, and the Utaki religion for the Ryūkyū.
原材料 Raw Materials
高丽和日本的资源分布较为丰富，特别是日本拥有大量的稻米和鱼类，足以供应高质量的寿司。细心的玩家可能会注意到，在之前介绍满洲的「Tinto Maps」中，根据反馈，我们已经调整了北海道的资源。
Not bad areas for resources, and plenty of rice and fish in Japan to get good sushi. The more observant of you will see that the resources of Hokkaido have already been adjusted thanks to feedback from the previous Manchuria Tinto Maps.
市场 Markets
一些玩家可能会对日本的和泉市场感到惊讶，实际上，这里是通往日本中部地区的主要贸易通道，商人城镇堺市就在此处发展，直到后来丰臣秀吉治下的大阪取代了堺市成为主要的商业中心。
Some may find surprising the presence of Izumi as a Market in Japan, but it is the area that served as the main point of entrance for commerce into central Japan, where the merchant town of Sakai developed, until later Osaka developed under Toyotomi and basically took over that function.
人口 Population
没有太多可以补充的，只有一些人口在等待着新的行动。
Not much to say here, except that quite a bit of population waiting for some action.
非领土国家 Extraterritorial Countries
我相信大家对这个话题已经期待许久了。日本的武士家族在游戏中被表示为非领土国家，我们尽量还原了1337年这些家族的领地分布。然而，由于历史资料复杂，这项任务并不容易，还需进行一些调整。因此，如果你有任何反馈或补充信息，将不胜感激。不幸的是，有些家族的领地重叠在一起，而每个领地只能显示一个家族名称，所以并非所有名字都能显示出来（例如，织田家仍然存在）。总体而言，游戏中有143个家族（不包括足利家），外加两个代表南北朝皇室的额外势力。
I’m sure many of you were waiting for this. The samurai clans in Japan are represented as Extraterritorial Countries, and we have tried to be as close as possible to their distribution of territory in 1337. As you can imagine, that is not an easy task, and some more tweaking is needed, so if you have any feedback or extra info on that regard it would be much appreciated. Unfortunately, there’s some overlapping of some clans on the same territory and only one name can be shown at a time, so not all names are visible (the Oda clan is still there, I promise), but there are a total of 143 clans (not counting Ashikaga), plus two extra for each of the imperial courts that are present at start.
每个家族将根据历史上的忠诚度效忠于南北朝的其中一方，但这些忠诚度并不一定是永久的。在游戏开始时，这些家族的忠诚情况如下图所示（黄色代表北朝支持者，蓝色代表南朝支持者，请注意，即使一个地区有多个家族效忠不同朝廷，地图上也只能显示一种颜色）。
Related to this, each clan will pledge its allegiance to either the northern or the southern court, mainly based on their historical allegiances but allowing a bit of leeway (and those allegiances don’t necessarily have to be permanent). So, as a bit of an extra tease, these are the allegiances of the clans at start (yellow are the north court supporters, blue are the southern court ones, and again keep in mind that only one color can be present even if there’s more than one clan with different allegiances in the same location)
今天的内容就到这里。下周，我将把话题交给 @Pavia，带领大家探索更南方的东南亚地区。我们下次再见！
And that is all for today. Next week I’ll pass the baton back to @Pavia for a look further south into South East Asia. See you there.
国家 Countries
在高丽王朝时期，高丽深受元朝的影响，与元朝有着非常密切的联系，元朝的皇帝甚至迎娶了高丽的王族女子。然而，高丽半岛北部和济州岛的耽罗并未完全统一，直到朝鲜王朝建立后，才最终实现统一。在此之前，这些地区虽然名义上也在元朝的统治范围内，但仍保持相对独立。
Korea during the Goryeo dynasty was under the orbit of Yuán, and had very close ties with it, with the Yuán emperors taking Korean wives. The north, though, and also Tamna in the Jeju island wouldn’t be unified under Korea until the following Joseon dynasty, so they are still separated although all of them also under Yuán.
与之相比，日本在游戏开始时处于一个非常特殊的历史时期。在建武新政失败后，试图恢复天皇权力的努力未能成功。贡献颇大的将军足利尊氏最终在1336年（也就是游戏开始前不久）建立了自己的幕府，迫使天皇逃离京都，开启了「南北朝时代」，即两位对立天皇和幕府间争夺合法性的时期。日本虽然表面上看似统一，实际却存在着许多内部矛盾与分裂（稍后会有更多讨论）。
On the other side, Japan starts in a very interesting situation. After a failed attempt to overthrow the shogunate and restore imperial power during the Kenmu restoration, one of the generals that contributed to such restoration, Ashikaga Takauji, in the end established his own shogunate in 1336 (just before the start of the game). The emperor had then to flee the capital and thus we start with the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, with two opposing Emperors and the shogun fighting for legitimacy. So, although it appears unified at first glance, Japan hides many internal divisions within (more on that later).
在更南方，琉球王国尚未统一，北山、中山和南山三国正在争夺对琉球群岛的控制权
Further South, the kingdom of Ryūkyū is not yet unified, so the three mountain kingdoms of Hokuzan, Chūzan and Nanzan vie for supremacy over the island.
人群社会 Societies of pops
与之前介绍满洲的「Tinto Maps」类似，本次也会展示高丽和日本的人群社会，特别是阿伊努族的情况。
Basically already shown in the Manchuria Tinto Maps, but they need to be shown here too, especially the Ainu.
王朝 Dynasties
As it happens in China, the “Goryeo dynasty” name is actually not the name of the dynasty itself, which is actually the house of Wang.
地点 Locations
省份 Provinces
Here (as well as with the areas next) we have tried to follow the administrative division of both countries in period, but we’ve had to make some adjustments.
在高丽，由于游戏开始不久后，朝鲜王朝会接替高丽王朝，因此我们将两者的行政区划进行了调整，并且为了游戏的平衡性还拆分了较大的省份。
In Korea, we had to account for the fact that historically, almost immediately after the start of the game the Josen dynasty took over and the administrative divisions are somewhat different, so we’ve adjusted them together (and had to divide some of the bigger provinces for gameplay reasons).
在日本，自7至8世纪律令制建立以来，行政区划基本保持不变，直到1868年明治维新后才有所变化。然而，我们仍需做出一些调整，一些较小的行政区划因此被合并或消失。
In Japan, the administrative divisions remained virtually unchanged since the establishment of the Ritsuryō system in the 7-8th century until after the Meiji restoration in 1868. However, we still had to make some adjustments, and the smaller ones had to unfortunately disappear.
区域 Areas
地形 Terrain
高丽和日本都是山地与森林占据大部分国土的国家，因此仅有的少量平原显得尤为重要，需被充分利用。
Very mountainous and forested areas both, so the few plains have to be taken the most advantage of.
发展度 Development
整体而言，这些地区的发展水平尚可，但越往北发展度越低。
Not bad developed areas, but obviously development decreases the further north it goes.
天然良港 Natural Harbors
文化 Cultures
高丽以高丽民族为主，而日本则被划分为四个主要文化群体（九州、西国、东国、东北）。此外，在北部有阿伊努族，济州岛有独特的济州文化，琉球群岛则是琉球文化。
Korea is mainly Korean, and Japan has been divided into four main groups. Besides this, we also have Ainu in the north, Jeju in Jeju island and Ryūkyū in the Ryūkyū islands.
宗教 Religions
高丽与中国信仰同种宗教（名称待定），而日本则信仰神道。需要说明的是，这里的神道并非完全以神灵为中心，也不是明治维新后建立的国家神道。实际上，它在游戏中被归类为佛教的一种，称为「佛教神道」，但其中包含了与神灵相关的一些特殊机制和元素。选择「神道」这一名称，是因为它与日本最为紧密相关、易于辨识。此外，阿伊努人信仰阿伊努教，琉球群岛则信仰「御岳」宗教。
Korea has the same (name pending) religion as China while Japan is Shintō. I must say that this Shintō is not at all considered to be a Kami-exclusively-oriented Shintō nor the post-Meiji State Shintō in any shape or form. In all effects, it is considered under the Buddhism umbrella and it is treated as Buddhist Shintō, while of course including some different mechanics and references to the Kami too. The name Shintō was chosen basically because it’s more recognizable and identifiable with Japan. Besides this, there’s also the Ainu religion for the Ainu, and the Utaki religion for the Ryūkyū.
原材料 Raw Materials
Not bad areas for resources, and plenty of rice and fish in Japan to get good sushi. The more observant of you will see that the resources of Hokkaido have already been adjusted thanks to feedback from the previous Manchuria Tinto Maps.
市场 Markets
一些玩家可能会对日本的和泉市场感到惊讶，实际上，这里是通往日本中部地区的主要贸易通道，商人城镇堺市就在此处发展，直到后来丰臣秀吉治下的大阪取代了堺市成为主要的商业中心。
Some may find surprising the presence of Izumi as a Market in Japan, but it is the area that served as the main point of entrance for commerce into central Japan, where the merchant town of Sakai developed, until later Osaka developed under Toyotomi and basically took over that function.
人口 Population
Not much to say here, except that quite a bit of population waiting for some action.
非领土国家 Extraterritorial Countries
I’m sure many of you were waiting for this. The samurai clans in Japan are represented as Extraterritorial Countries, and we have tried to be as close as possible to their distribution of territory in 1337. As you can imagine, that is not an easy task, and some more tweaking is needed, so if you have any feedback or extra info on that regard it would be much appreciated. Unfortunately, there’s some overlapping of some clans on the same territory and only one name can be shown at a time, so not all names are visible (the Oda clan is still there, I promise), but there are a total of 143 clans (not counting Ashikaga), plus two extra for each of the imperial courts that are present at start.
Related to this, each clan will pledge its allegiance to either the northern or the southern court, mainly based on their historical allegiances but allowing a bit of leeway (and those allegiances don’t necessarily have to be permanent). So, as a bit of an extra tease, these are the allegiances of the clans at start (yellow are the north court supporters, blue are the southern court ones, and again keep in mind that only one color can be present even if there’s more than one clan with different allegiances in the same location)
今天的内容就到这里。下周，我将把话题交给 @Pavia，带领大家探索更南方的东南亚地区。我们下次再见！
And that is all for today. Next week I’ll pass the baton back to @Pavia for a look further south into South East Asia. See you there.
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